73.73.126.68: Corrected spelling of Poynton

2024-01-26T14:15:32Z

Corrected spelling of Poynton

Admin: 1 revision

2013-05-09T21:49:07Z

1 revision

Wilbert at 21:42, 9 May 2013

2013-05-09T21:42:04Z

New page

Work under construction. to do: http://forum.doom9.org/showthread.php?p=1084293#post1084293

Should cover RGB->YUV conversions and lumarange scaling/preservation and when to use which conversion (latter in a different page).

YUV ranges for valid RGB ranges: http://forum.doom9.org/showthread.php?t=154731

blabla ...

=== Color coefficients ===

The most common coefficient and the conversions are given below:

{| style="height:100px" border="1" cellpadding="4"
!width=55%| coefficients
!width=15%| Rec.601
!width=15%| Rec.709
!width=15%| FCC
|-
| Kr : Red channel coefficient
| 0.299
| 0.2126
| 0.3
|-
| Kg : Green channel coefficient
| 0.587
| 0.7152
| 0.59
|-
| Kb : Blue channel coefficient
| 0.114
| 0.0722
| 0.11
|}

The RGB <-> YUV conversion is given by:

Y = Kr*R + Kg*G + Kb*B
V = (R-Y)/(1-Kr) = R - G * Kg/(1-Kr) - B * Kb/(1-Kr)
U = (B-Y)/(1-Kb) = - R * Kr/(1-Kb) - G * Kg/(1-Kb) + B

R = Y + V*(1-Kr)
G = Y - U*(1-Kb)*Kb/Kg - V*(1-Kr)*Kr/Kg
B = Y + U*(1-Kb)

with (0.0 <= [Y,R,G,B] <= 1.0) ; (-1.0 <= [U,V] <= 1.0) and Kr + Kg + Kb = 1.

=== Converting to programming values ===

{| style="height:100px" border="1" cellpadding="4"
!width=25%| color format
!width=25%| channel 1
!width=25%| channel 2
!width=25%| channel 3
|-
| '''yuv [0,255]'''
| y = Y * 255
| v = V * 127.5 + 128
| u = U * 127.5 + 128
|-
| '''yuv [16,235]'''
| y = Y * 219 + 16
| v = V * 112 + 128
| u = U * 112 + 128
|-
| '''rgb [0,255]'''
| r = R * 255
| g = G * 255
| b = B * 255
|-
| '''rgb [16,235]'''
| r = R * 219 + 16
| g = G * 219 + 16
| b = B * 219 + 16
|}

The following two conversions are implemented in AviSynth:

'''yuv [0,255] <-> rgb [0,255]''' (0 <= [r,g,b] <= 255, 0 <= y <= 255, 0 <= [u,v] <= 255)

Substituting (Y,V,U,R,G,B) in the equations above and multiplying with 127.5 and respectively 255 gives

y = Kr*r + Kg*g + Kb*b 
v - 128 = 0.5*(r-y)/(1-Kr) = 0.5 * r - 0.5 * g * Kg/(1-Kr) - 0.5 * b * Kb/(1-Kr) 
u - 128 = 0.5*(b-y)/(1-Kb) = - 0.5 * r * Kr/(1-Kb) - 0.5 * g * Kg/(1-Kb) + 0.5 * b 

r = y + 2*(v-128)*(1-Kr) 
g = y - 2*(u-128)*(1-Kb)*Kb/Kg - 2*(v-128)*(1-Kr)*Kr/Kg 
b = y + 2*(u-128)*(1-Kb) 

'''yuv [16,235] <-> rgb [0,255]''' (0 <= [r,g,b] <= 255, 16 <= y <= 235, 16 <= [u,v] <= 240)

Substituting (Y,V,U,R,G,B) in the equations above gives

y - 16 = (Kr*219/255)*r + (Kg*219/255)*g + (Kb*219/255)*b
v - 128 = 112/255*r - Kg*112/255*g/(1-Kr) - Kb*112/255*b/(1-Kr)
u - 128 = - Kr*112/255*r/(1-Kb) - Kg*112/255*g/(1-Kb) + 112/255*b

r = (255/219)*y + (255/112)*v*(1-Kr) - (255*16/219 + 255*128/112*(1-Kr))
g = (255/219)*y - (255/112)*u*(1-Kb)*Kb/Kg - (255/112)*v*(1-Kr)*Kr/Kg
- (255*16/219 - 255/112*128*(1-Kb)*Kb/Kg - 255/112*128*(1-Kr)*Kr/Kg)
b = (255/219)*y + (255/112)*u*(1-Kb) - (255*16/219 + 255*128/112*(1-Kb))

=== Examples ===

As an example, the colors black, white and yellow will be computed in various color formats:

In RGB [0,255] black is given by r=0, g=0, b=0. It follows that R=0, G=0, B=0. Calculating the Y, V and U values using the Rec.601 coefficients gives: Y=0, V=0 and U=0. In YUV [16,235] this corresponds to y=16, v=128, u=128.

In RGB [0,255] white is given by r=255, g=255, b=255. It follows that R=1, G=1, B=1. Calculating the Y, V and U values using the Rec.601 coefficients gives: Y=1, V=0 and U=0. In YUV [16,235] this corresponds to y=235, v=128, u=128.

In RGB [0,255] yellow is given by r=255, g=255, b=0. It follows that R=1, G=1, B=0. Calculating the Y, V and U values using the Rec.601 coefficients gives: Y = Kr*R + Kg*G + Kb*B = 0.299*1 + 0.587*1 + 0.114*0 = 0.886, V = (R-Y)/(1-Kr) = (1-0.886)/(1-0.299) = 0.1626 and U = (B-Y)/(1-Kb) = (0-0.886)/(1-0.114) = -1.000. In YUV [16,235] this corresponds to y=210, v=146, u=16. In YUV [0,255] this corresponds to y=226, v=149, u=0.

For other examples, see [[ColorBars theory]].

== References: ==
[http://www.poynton.com/notes/colour_and_gamma/ColorFAQ.html ColorFAQ Poyton] 
ITU BT.601 ... 
ITU BT.709 ... 
ITU BT.1700 ...

[http://www.itu.int/rec/R-REC-BT/e All ITU-R Recommendations]

[[Category:Advanced topics]]

@@ Line 115: / Line 115: @@
 == References: ==
-[http://www.poynton.com/notes/colour_and_gamma/ColorFAQ.html ColorFAQ Poyton] <br>
+[http://www.poynton.com/notes/colour_and_gamma/ColorFAQ.html ColorFAQ Poynton] <br>
 ITU BT.601 ... <br>
 ITU BT.709 ... <br>

Color conversions - Revision history

73.73.126.68: Corrected spelling of Poynton

Admin: 1 revision

Wilbert at 21:42, 9 May 2013